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10 Advantages of Hydraulic Presses

• Introduction
• Hydraulic Presses - Fast, Reliable, Productive, and Flexible
• 10 Advantages of Hydraulic Presses
• Glossary
• Formulas and Data
• Selecting a Hydraulic Press
• Hydraulic Press Limitations

1. Full power stroke - The full power of a hydraulic press can be delivered at any point in the stroke. Not only at the very bottom, as is the case with mechanical presses. Advantages? No allowances for reduced tonnage at the top of the stroke. In drawing operations, for example, you have the full power of the press available at the top of the stroke. You don't have to buy a 200-ton press to get 100 tons throughout the stroke. Other advantages are faster set-ups and no time consuming job of adjusting the stroke nut on the slide to accommodate different dies.

 

2. Built-in overload protection - A 100-ton hydraulic press will exert only 100 tons of pressure (or less, if you have set it for less) no matter what mistakes you make in set-up. You needn't worry about overloading or breaking the press or smashing a die. When a hydraulic press reaches its set pressure, that's all the pressure there is. The relief valve opens at that limit and there is no danger of overload.

 

3. Much lower original cost and operating costs - Hydraulic presses are relatively simple, and you may be surprised at the significant cost advantage over mechanical presses in comparable sizes. The numbers of moving parts are few, and these are fully lubricated in a flow of pressurized oil. Breakdowns, when they occur, are usually minor; not, for example, like a broken crankshaft. Replacements of packing, solenoid coils, and occasionally a valve, are typical maintenance items. Not only are these parts inexpensive, but also they are easily replaced without tearing the machine apart. This means more up-time and lower maintenance costs.

 

4. Larger capacities at lower cost - It is easier and less expensive to buy certain kinds of capacity in hydraulic presses. Stroke lengths of 12, 18, and 24 inches are common. Extra stroke length is easy to provide. Open gap (daylight), too, can be added without much additional cost. Similarly, larger table areas and small presses with big bed areas can be provided. Large 200-ton presses with relatively small beds are available; tonnage of the press doesn't dictate what the bed size will be.

 

5. More control flexibility - Hydraulic press power is always under control. The ram force, the direction, the speed, the release of force, the duration of pressure dwell, all can be adjusted to fit a particular job. Jobs with light dies can be done with the pressure turned down. The ram can be made to approach the work rapidly, then shifted to a slower speed before contacting the work. Tool life is thus prolonged. Timers, feeders, heaters, coolers, and a variety of auxiliary functions can be brought into the sequence to suit the job. Hydraulic presses can do far more than just go up and down, up and down.

 

6. Greater versatility - A single hydraulic press can do a wide variety of jobs within its tonnage range. Commonly seen are deep draws, shell reductions, urethane bulging, forming, blank and pierce, stake, punch, press fits, straightening, and assembly. They are also used for powered metal forming, abrasive wheel forming, bonding, broaching, ball sizing, plastic and rubber compression, and transfer molding.

 

7. Quiet - Fewer moving parts and the elimination of a flywheel reduce the overall noise level of hydraulic presses compared to mechanical presses. Properly sized and properly mounted pumping units meet and exceed current Federal standards for noise, even with the pump under full pressure.
   
   Because each phase of the ram movement can be controlled, noise levels can also be controlled. A hydraulic ram can be controlled to pass through the work slowly and quietly.

 

8. More compact - A typical 20-ton hydraulic press is eight feet high, six feet deep, and two feet wide. A 200-ton press is only ten feet high, nine feet deep, and a little over three feet wide. At ten times the capacity, the 200-ton press only takes up 50 percent more floor space. Hydraulic presses become less and less expensive compared to mechanical presses.

 

9. Lower tool costs - the built-in overload protection (see advantage 2) goes for the tools, too. If they are built to withstand a certain load, there is no danger of damaging them because of overloading. Tools can be sized to withstand the load of a particular job, not a particular press. The pressure of the press can be set down to suit the job. The lack of impact, shock, and vibration promotes longer tool life.

 

10. Safety - No manufacturer will (or should) claim that hydraulic presses are safer than mechanical presses. Both types of machines are designed and built to be safe if the controls and safety features built in are used properly.

    Improperly used, all machines are potentially dangerous. But the factor of control of the ram movements makes hydraulic presses easy to make safe. Non-tie down, anti-repeat, dual palm button controls are used. The interlocking of guards, as well as other safety devices, is relatively easy because of the nature of a hydraulic press control system.

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About Hydraulic Presses

Additional reading:
The Benefits of Using PHE Plates in Hydraulic Press Cost Efficiency

If you are looking for more details, kindly visit Hydraulic press types.

The use of hydraulic presses over the traditional mechanical press has increased dramatically over the last 30 years. Until recent history, the mechanical press was the common machine for production press work. The mechanical press utilizes a rack and pinion as well as a crankshaft to achieve significant tonnage without an external power source. It wasn&#;t until the early s that hydraulic presses became the more popular option.

Hydraulic Presses utilize hydraulic cylinders, single-direction mechanic actuators, to create compressive force. Invented in by Joseph Bramah, hydraulic systems were conceptualized by studying the movement of fluids through early toilets, which were later replaced by toilets created by Bramah.

Hydraulics depend on Pascal's law, which basically states that when an incompressible fluid is given pressure, the pressure is applied evenly in every direction. This law allows the force generated from compressing a fluid to be utilized in moving mechanics like a piston. It was also discovered that using a smaller piston to pressurize the fluid, through which moves a larger piston, generates greater forces than using two equally-sized pistons. This is called a force multiplier and is crucial when creating a hydraulic system.

Needs

Before seeking out the best prices, you should consider the role a hydraulic press will have in your personal shop or business. Writing a full list of tasks you&#;d like a press to accomplish can provide a better scope of the strength, size, type, model, etc. of press you will need. Be sure to understand what a hydraulic press can do; the range of abilities are extensive. Bending, blanking, drawing, forming, molding, punching, and stamping are just some of abilities of hydraulic presses. Not all machines are capable of these actions and should be taken into consideration.

Tonnage

After considering the uses for your press, the next important question to ask is what tonnage will be required for the jobs.  If you are switching from a mechanical press to a hydraulic press, the tonnage requirements will not change. Do consider, however, when choosing the right hydraulic press, you only need to know the maximum tonnage you will require for any given job. Opposed to a mechanical press, most hydraulic presses can be tuned down to a lower tonnage depending on the task.

The required tonnage to punch material (or the punching force) varies depending on three factors: perimeter of the punch, shear strength of the material, and material thickness. The tonnage can be calculated with the following equation:

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Shear strength is a measurement of the force needed to produce a sliding failure on the material along a parallel plane to the direction of the force; punching a hole in paper is an example of paper failing in shear. Shear strength is commonly measured in kilonewtons per square millimeter (kN/mm2) or pounds per square inch (PSI)­. All materials shear fail at different levels of force, so it is important to understand the specifications of the material you are working with. The material specifications also include the thickness of the material being handled.

Though punching is a common use for a hydraulic press, other functions also require specific tonnage in order to be effective. It is encouraged to understand the tonnage requirements for any job you plan to utilize a hydraulic press for.

 

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