Common types of halogen-free flame additives - EuroPlas

Evelyn y

May. 13, 2024

Common Types of Halogen-Free Flame Additives - EuroPlas

In today's world, the demand for flame retardant materials is higher than ever. A significant portion of this demand is geared towards halogen-free flame additives due to their environmentally friendly properties and excellent fire resistance capabilities.

1. Phosphorus-Based Additives

Phosphorus-based additives are among the most commonly used types of halogen-free flame retardants. They come in various forms like organic and inorganic compounds. These additives work primarily by promoting char formation, which acts as a barrier and slows down the burning process.

2. Metal Hydroxides

Metal hydroxides such as aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide are also popular choices. These substances decompose when exposed to heat, releasing water vapor in the process. This action helps to cool the material and dilute flammable gases, thus providing an effective flame retardant mechanism.

3. Nitrogen-Based Additives

Nitrogen-based flame retardants function by releasing inert gases that help to stifle the flames. Melamine and its derivatives are commonly used in this category. These additives are especially useful in various polymers and textiles.

4. Silicon-Based Additives

Silicon-based flame retardants form a protective layer on the material's surface when exposed to high temperatures. This layer acts as a barrier to heat and oxygen, thereby slowing down the combustion process. Some common silicon-based additives include silicon resins and silicates.

5. Intumescent Systems

Intumescent systems are unique in that they expand when exposed to heat, forming a thick, insulating char foam. This expanded layer serves to protect the underlying material from the fire, making this an effective method for halogen-free flame retardation.

Each of these types of halogen-free flame additives offers distinct benefits, making them suitable for different applications. Understanding the properties and mechanisms of each type can help in selecting the appropriate additive for specific needs.