Dietary Feed Additives & Supplements Flashcards

Term

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What are the typical feed additives in animals' diets and rations?

Definition

Nutritive additives
-trace mineral or vitamin premixes

Non-nutritive additives
-exogenous enzyme supplements
-feed antibiotics premix
-ractopamine
-growth promoters

Term

What are the typical feed supplements in animals' diets and rations?

Definition

Nutritive Supplements
-animal fat-oil blend
-iodized salt
-limestone
-crystalline essential AA

Non-Nutritive Supplements
-prebiotic supplements e.g. inulin
-viscous soluble fibre
-mycotoxin binders
-purified cellulose

Term

What are the differences between feed additives and supplements?

Definition

Additive: improves/alters performance or digestibility but doesn't meet a nutritional requirement

Supplement: meets a defined nutritional requirement to optimize performance

Term

What are the major bulky feed ingredients in compound feeds?

Definition

feeds that carry energy, protein/AA, starch and fibres and occupy the major volume in diets and rations such as processed corn grain, SBM, canola meal etc.

Term

Why do feed additives as premix products require a carrier material during formulation and manufacturing?

Definition

Term

Why does the business of feed additive & supplements have a larger profit margin than compound feed manufacturing?

Definition

-additives & supplements are lower in volume, easier and cheaper to ship
-required in all diets/feeds because they are found at low levels
-can be sold at local, national or international level

-compound feeds have a larger volume because of bulky feed ingredients, more costly and challenging to ship
-targeted to local market typically

What are oral nutritional compounds?

Oral nutritional compounds (ONCs) are a type of agricultural compound. They are substances that provide nourishing substances or nutrients like proteins, carbohydrates, and fats utilised by the animal to function normally and remain healthy (a nutritional benefit). This includes providing nutrients to animals that are undernourished but still healthy.

Animal feeds such as milled grain-based compounded feed, "feed commodities" such as silage and hay and pet foods fed to animals to deliver energy and other nutrients to meet their daily nutritional needs are ONCs. Nutritional preparations, also referred to as supplements or premixtures intended to provide animals with specific nutrients such as vitamins and minerals are also ONCs.

Nutrient preparations are not considered to be solely ONCs when:

• Claims are made that they are intended to achieve a non-nutritional benefit
• They contain substances that act primarily as pharmacological or therapeutic substances, even if they might also be nutrients.

In addition to being subject to the ACVM Act and Regulations, oral nutritional compounds that are manufactured in New Zealand and contain animal products are also subject to the Animal Products Act .

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Animal Products Act

Agricultural Compounds and Veterinary Medicines Act ' NZ Legislation

Agricultural Compounds and Veterinary Medicines (Exemptions and Prohibited Substances) Regulations ' NZ Legislation

Feed additives

ONCs may contain feed additives. These are non-nutrient ingredients, like preservatives and flavourings that are added to feed to improve its quality, taste, or nutritive value. If a feed additive has directions to be fed directly to animals for a nutritional benefit, it becomes an ONC.

Non-nutrient substances added to feed to achieve an outcome in the animal rather than acting on the feed are not feed additives.  The nature of these substances and the outcome expected in the animal will determine whether their addition will alter the regulatory status of the ONC.

Nutritional preparations

This subset of ONCs includes substances that are ready for feeding to animals directly (e.g., pet treats) and those that can only be fed when added to other animal feed products (e.g., powdered mineral supplements).

Intra-ruminal boluses are supplements for administration to ruminants that are intended to deliver (or pay out) nutrients to the treated animal over days to months rather than within hours. These supplements are excluded from the oral nutritional compound entry in the regulations because as a group they have a different risk profile from other oral nutritional preparations.

Hemp products

Unless registered first, ONCs cannot contain hemp or any of its constituents.  Additional explanation is included in the ACVM alert.

ACVM Alert Notification 22-001: Industrial Hemp and Cannabis as Agricultural Compounds [PDF, 162 KB]

Find out whether your product is an ONC

If you're not sure whether your product is an ONC, a class determination can tell you the status of your product under the ACVM Act.

Class determinations under the ACVM Act

Find out more

What is an ACVM?

ACVM Notice: Agricultural Compounds Exempt from Registration [PDF, 379 KB]

ACVM Notice: Imported Feed Commodities [PDF, 268 KB]

Who to contact

If you have questions about pet food, animal feed, and nutritional supplements,

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