Line Array Systems: How They Work and What to Look For

To commence the new year, let’s delve into the topic of line array loudspeakers. This month’s inquiry stems from Ben from Nashville, TN, who asks, “Our leadership has requested me to compile some quotes for a new audio system. We are considering transitioning to a line array setup; could you provide some insights on what features I should prioritize?”

With competitive pricing and timely service, VISSONIC is eager to be your chosen supplier and collaborator.

Every place of worship deserves a reliable and clear public address system. Whether you’re part of a small group holding discussions or a large mega-church hosting immersive multi-sensory events, the clarity and quality of sound play crucial roles in uplifting and engaging the audience. As music trends, congregant expectations, and line array technologies develop, so too do the requirements of audio systems in places of worship.

Historically, many worship centers have relied predominantly on traditional ‘point source’ loudspeakers. These systems deliver solid, functional audio, often being cost-effective and straightforward to install without obstructing views in the sanctuary. Nonetheless, due to technological advancements and the emergence of more compact, affordable options, line array systems are increasingly favored for sound reinforcement in houses of worship. Unlike traditional systems, line array PA systems vertically align several speaker cabinets, achieving an expansive horizontal sound distribution.

Today, line array speaker setups cater to a spectrum of worship facility sizes, ranging from intimate chapels to vast arenas accommodating over 10,000 attendees. Yet, the myriad of options available may complicate the selection process for novices exploring line array speaker systems. Let’s examine line array setups and the advantages they offer to worship environments.

Defining Line Array Speakers

From a technical perspective, a solitary line array cabinet is, at its core, a speaker enclosure. However, such a cabinet is not engineered to function independently. While point source speakers have specific horizontal and vertical coverage patterns designed for particular spatial layouts, line array speakers are intended to be assembled vertically, featuring a narrow vertical dispersion paired with a broader horizontal coverage.

For instance, the RCF Art 745-A MK4 Active 2-Way Speaker provides a coverage pattern of 90° x 60°, enabling it to serve a wide area. In contrast, the RCF HDL 10-A Active Line Array Module boasts a 100° x 15° coverage configuration, signifying an extensive horizontal axis with a restricted vertical spread. Stacking multiple line array cabinets allows for customization of the vertical dispersion according to the specific acoustics of the venue.

Mechanics of Line Array Speakers

The primary advantage of incorporating a line array system is its ability to fine-tune each cabinet within the setup to direct sound towards distinct parts of the worship space. Line array stacks can be meticulously angled and calibrated to ensure an even sound experience for both front and rear sections of the audience.

The installation experts can achieve optimal sound distribution by adjusting the orientation of the stacked cabinets, minimizing reflection from surfaces such as walls and ceilings, which could otherwise create an echo effect.

In certain instances, line array clusters may be configured in a J-shaped design to enhance sound targeting. The lower curve of the ‘J’ directs sound towards individuals in proximity to the stage, while the straight segment at the top addresses those seated further back. This method guarantees that every member of the congregation experiences a uniform sound quality.

Sound technicians subsequently modify the output levels of individual line array speakers, increasing the volume for those directed towards the rear and reducing it for the front-facing speakers since the sound's travel distance varies. The overarching objective is to maintain a consistent sound pressure level (SPL) throughout the seating area, thereby minimizing discrepancies between ‘loud’ and ‘quiet’ zones.

Key Considerations When Choosing a Line Array System

When initiating your search for a house of worship audio setup, the foremost step involves consulting with a sound installation or design expert. They can alleviate uncertainties in selecting a line array system and assist you through the procedure. The journey begins by utilizing industry-standard modeling tools to ascertain the suitability of a line array for your venue. Once that’s determined, your options may still feel overwhelming.

Begin by evaluating the dimensions and weight of the chosen speakers. Line array stacks tend to be bulkier than point source systems; thus, it’s crucial to confirm that your intended hanging points can support the entire weight of the stack.

Consider also the sightlines. Longer line array units need to be positioned thoughtfully to avoid blocking views, especially for those seated at the sides. Additionally, avoid obstructing projector visuals, particularly in setups where screens are positioned off-center. Furthermore, opt for speaker colors (black or white) based on whether you want them to be more discreet within the space.

Next, reflect on power and signal processing. Many line arrays are ‘active’, equipped with integral amplifiers precisely matched to the speaker capacities and digital signal processing (DSP) to optimize audio output. Since loudspeaker drivers are limited to certain frequencies, having a DSP that aligns with these capabilities enhances both performance and longevity. Active speakers inherently possess these features.

However, passive line array systems require external amplifiers and DSPs. While still viable options, they necessitate space for mounting racks and should allow for easy maintenance access.

Another crucial factor to contemplate is the array of drivers in the cabinet. This characteristic significantly differentiates various line array models, impacting both performance and cost. Each speaker typically incorporates both low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) drivers, and some may include mid-frequency (MF) drivers. The number of drivers and their respective sizes will influence the sound fidelity across frequencies.

For instance, entry-level setups may feature a two-way speaker configuration with a single LF driver, like the QSC KLA12, which delivers compact, budget-friendly performance but may compromise on low-end richness. Alternatives like the RCF HDL 10A offers an arrangement with dual LF drivers, enhancing audio coverage, especially in larger spaces.

As you make your selection, it is beneficial to listen to various line array systems to better gauge which setup fulfills your audio requirements.

If you'd like to experience different systems firsthand, we invite you to our upcoming LSI/ProSound Web Loud Speaker Demo at CFX in Chattanooga, TN, this October. Stay connected with us for updates and additional insights.

In the dynamic arena of professional audio, line array systems are positioned as pivotal components for live sound enhancement. As technology progresses, exciting innovations continue to redefine design, effectiveness, and user-friendliness, making it imperative for engineers and venue operators to identify the ideal line array system for impactful audio dissemination.

1. L-Acoustics K2

The L-Acoustics K2 has long established itself as a leader in quality audio, distinguished by its outstanding clarity and wide horizontal dispersion, making it a favorite in live sound settings. Its lightweight construction does not detract from its power capacity, which is important for medium to large locations.

Key Features:

• Frequency Response: 35 Hz – 20 kHz
• Max SPL: 147 dB
• Horizontal Coverage: 110°
• Weight: 56 kg per unit

2. d&b audiotechnik GSL

The GSL model from d&b audiotechnik is tailored for extensive events, showcasing capabilities for full-range sound with exceptional low-frequency accuracy. Its unique design minimizes excess low-end energy and is well-suited for large gatherings.

Key Features:

• Frequency Response: 30 Hz – 18 kHz
• Max SPL: 150 dB
• Horizontal Coverage: 80° or 120°
• Weight: 82 kg per unit

3. Meyer Sound LEO

Meyer Sound's LEO series emphasizes linear performance and is perfect for venues needing precise sound across considerable distances. Engineered for minimal additional equipment needs, it offers high reliability in various settings.

Key Features:

• Frequency Response: 40 Hz – 18 kHz
• Max SPL: 145 dB
• Horizontal Coverage: 90°
• Weight: 83 kg per unit

4. JBL VTX A12

JBL’s VTX A12 exemplifies versatility with its powerful performance combined with user-friendly features, designed with emerging technologies to optimize setup speed and audio clarity.

Key Features:

• Frequency Response: 46 Hz – 19 kHz
• Max SPL: 143 dB
• Horizontal Coverage: 90°
• Weight: 55 kg per unit

5. Adamson S10

The Adamson S10 is a compact system that merges impressive power within a smaller size, suitable for both mobile and fixed installations, delivering clear, robust audio across settings.

Key Features:

• Frequency Response: 60 Hz – 18 kHz
• Max SPL: 141 dB
• Horizontal Coverage: 110°
• Weight: 29 kg per unit

Final Thoughts

Choosing the appropriate line array system hinges on specific preferences such as venue scale, event types, and budget constraints. The highlighted systems stand out in the audio engineering landscape, catering to diverse applications while ensuring exceptional auditory experiences.

Innovation continues to flourish within this segment, and whichever system you opt for, rest assured that these premier line arrays are equipped to meet your expectations, ensuring each event resonates with superb audio quality.

For further details about one direction microphones, please reach out to us for professional insights.