Water Cooled Chillers | Trane Commercial HVAC

We have optimized our fleet of water-cooled chillers to help you maximize efficiency, benefit the environment and reduce operating expenses. With HVAC costs making up 40 percent of commercial building energy consumption, the right chiller represents an incredible opportunity to reduce the energy intensity of the world. But first, it needs to perform for you.

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An HVAC system cools the air, keeping it at a comfortable temperature. In large commercial spaces, a chiller helps maximize the air conditioning process.

A chiller works by generating cold water (or other liquids, such as a glycol solution) and moving it around the building. This, in turn, cools the air.

Usually, chillers are located on the roof or in a basement. The machine moves excess heat between an evaporator and a condenser. The evaporator chills the water or refrigerant solution. A pump sends the cooled water around the building, gathering heat as it goes.

That excess heat is then released to the outdoors. The heat transfer may be facilitated by cooling towers, which simply release the heat into the outdoor air, or by a fan that blows across coolant coils.

What are the Main Components of a Chiller?

Chillers usually have four main components:

• A compressor

• A condenser

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• Thermal expansion valve or metering device

• An evaporator

These components work together to change the water or refrigerant solution from a liquid to a gas. At that point, heat is released. Then the gas is returned to a liquid state.

Here's how these chiller components work together to lower air temperature. First, the compressor pumps heated liquid to the condenser. Here, the liquid is pumped to a cooling area. The condenser meters and pressurizes the liquid, so it transforms into gas as it moves into the evaporator.

Here, the gas vaporizes, all the while absorbing heat from the air around the chiller. This lowers the temperature, and the gas turns back into liquid.

Now the heated liquid is pumped back into the condenser. It's pressurized once again, the heat transfers, and the cycle starts once again.

Different Types of HVAC Chillers

There are two general categories of chillers: vapor compression and vapor absorption. The most common type, vapor compression, uses electricity to power a mechanical compressor that drives refrigerant liquid around the system.

Within the vapor compression category are two types of chillers: water-cooled and air-cooled. In contrast, vapor absorption chillers utilize a heat source to drive the refrigerant liquid through the system. Along the way, the liquid cycles through different temperatures and pressures. Within this category are also two types of chillers: absorption and centrifugal.

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