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10 Questions You Should to Know about Custom Silicone Gaskets

10 Questions to Ask Yourself When Choosing a Material for Your ...

The process of choosing a material for your custom gasket is intricately woven into your design process. Material informs design as much as design informs material, so deciding on both of these items together will help you land on just the right material for your needs.

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We've found, in our years of helping customers choose the perfect material for their custom gasket, that there are 10 very important questions you should be asking yourself when choosing a material that will help you get it right the first time:

  1. Will the gasket be used in an indoor or outdoor application?
  2. What temperature range must your gasket operate in?
  3. What does your industry require?
  4. How hard or soft does your gasket material need to be?
  5. Do you need a three-dimensional or flat gasket?
  6. How will your custom gasket be assembled?
  7. What will your housing be made out of?
  8. What chemicals will the gasket be exposed to?
  9. How small is the gasket?
  10. Is outgassing a concern?

Please keep in mind this article is meant to provide general guidance, and there are many materials with different properties and specifications to choose from within each general material category. Narrowing down to your final material is something best done with the help of an expert. This guide is designed to help you start the process of material selection, before diving into the nitty gritty details.

Will the gasket be used in an indoor or outdoor application?

Usually, the first question to ask is where your custom gasket will be used. Indoor applications will have an entirely different starting set of materials to consider than outdoor applications.

If your gasket will be used outdoors, you'll likely need a larger supported temperature range, a material that can withstand the elements, and has resistance to ozone or sunlight. A good general rule of thumb is the more a gasket can withstand, the higher the material cost.

Indoor applications can generally get away with lower cost materials than outdoor applications.

Some materials that are a good fit for outdoor applications include:

  • Most solid gasket materials
  • Silicone or EPDM sponge materials
  • Some silicone and polyurethane foams
  • Silicone Form-in-Place (FIP) materials

Another consideration that falls into this category is if the gasket will be enclosed or exposed when used in an outdoor environment. If it will be enclosed, and there will be protection from chemicals and ozone, you will obviously have a larger variety of materials that may fit your needs.

What temperature range must your gasket operate in?

This question tends to work hand in hand with the previous one. Generally speaking, outdoor applications will require a higher range of temperatures to which the gasket must be resistant.

Start by narrowing down the highest and lowest temperatures your gasket will be subject to and layout the full range. You'll want to find a material that can operate across the entire range, rather than just ideal conditions. As you might expect, the larger the range of temperatures supported by a material, the higher the cost.

Selecting the right material in this case is a balancing act between making sure your gasket can operate across exactly the range it needs while reducing the material cost.

Some materials that are resistant to extreme temperatures include:

  • Most solid gasket materials, Silicone and Fluoroeleastomer(FKM)
  • Some silicone sponge materials
  • Silicone FIP materials

What does your industry require?

Depending upon your industry, there may be very specific material requirements you need to be aware of. Some examples include:

  • Materials used in military applications will have to meet MIL SPEC requirements
  • Materials used in medical applications may require the use of FDA, CFR 177., USP Class VI compliant materials that are either non-toxic or have skin compatibility
  • Food handling or agricultural applications may require FDA compatible materials should food or liquid come into contact with your custom gasket
  • Rail and mass transit applications often require specific UL or flame ratings

Make sure you've considered all of the requirements that apply to your application and be sure you select a material that meets those requirements before getting too deep into the design process.

Read Now: Guidance from start to finish on your custom gasket production.

How hard or soft does your gasket material need to be?

Balancing the hardness of your material with the lifespan will be the biggest challenge in this instance. In general, the softer a material, the shorter the expected lifespan will be. 

Softer gaskets are important in instances where there are larger gaps, uneven gaps, or you are concerned with damaging the materials the gasket is touching. Harder gaskets are best for instances where compression forces will be high, and a longer lifespan is important.

Durometer is the measurement of hardness in a material and provides a quantitative indication of how resistant said material is to permanent deformation or indentation. Make sure you've considered the durometer range needed for your design and find a material that meets those specifications.

Compression force deflection is another measurement that will be important in material hardness. It is defined as the force required to reduce material thickness by 25%. Softer materials require on the order of 2 psi to reduce thickness by 25% whereas harder materials require upwards of 17 psi. 

Some materials that are good for softer gaskets include:

  • Sponge materials
  • Foam materials

Some materials that are good for harder gaskets include:

  • Solid materials
  • FIP materials

Do you need a three-dimensional or flat gasket?

If your gasket needs to be three-dimensional you'll be looking at custom molded silicone or rubber to meet your needs.

Flat gaskets on the other hand have a wide variety of materials you can choose from depending upon your answers to some of the other questions in this list.

How will your custom gasket be assembled?

An important consideration that is often overlooked in the design process is how the assembly process will need to work. It is very easy to design in a vacuum and ultimately lose sight of factors that may make it easier or harder to add your gasket to your assembly process in the long term.

Some of the more obvious considerations that usually are considered in design are the requirement of adhesive backing and the compression forces being applied to the gasket. Both of these will limit your available choices of gasket materials depending upon your needs.

Some of the considerations that are often overlooked include:

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  • How long will the assembly process take and/or cost? Often smaller, thinner gaskets are hard to work within the assembly and increase production time. In this case, FIP materials may be a better choice to improve production time and reduce labor costs.
  • How hard do you want the assembly to be? In general, the softer the gasket material, the easier assembly will be in the end, as lower compression force will be required to get it into place.
  • Will everything be assembled right away? Sometimes assembly processes are broken into smaller chunks, but choosing to use a material like thermal paste adds the requirement that everything must be immediately assembled before the paste dries.

Just make sure you've considered your assembly process before ultimately deciding upon the best fit material to ensure you don't have to come back and redesign later.

What will your housing be made out of?

While you are obviously considering the material of your gasket itself, it is also important to keep in mind the materials for your housing.

Knowing how hard the housing materials are will help you decide on a gasket material that will work well in the environment you are placing it. For instance, in cases where a plastic housing is used, you have to be careful to select a gasket material (e.g. a sponge material) that won't cause cracking at your compression stops.

What chemicals will the gasket be exposed to?

You will want to ensure you are aware of the range of chemicals your gasket may come into contact with. This will probably be one of the most important considerations that will significantly narrow your choices should you expect any harsh chemicals to be present.

Some custom gasket materials that are resistant to a variety of chemicals include:

  • Fluorosilicone
  • Neoprene
  • Nitrile
  • Fluoroelastomer

How small is the gasket?

The size of your gasket will help you determine if it is the best fit for form-in-place (FIP) dispensing or not. Narrow, small or flimsy gaskets are often much easier to dispense via FIP than trying to cut and assemble them by hand.

Is outgassing a concern?

This consideration is typically only a real problem in custom gaskets used in hard drives, where outgassing may cause contamination of the drive. In this case, you'll need to use a material other than silicone to get rid of outgassing.

The Bottom Line

Custom Gasket Production Guide - Modus Advanced Inc.

Let's Get Started

So you're ready to manufacture your custom gasket or rubber part, or you are getting ready to jump in and start your design.

We're so glad you started here. The earlier you can get your custom gasket manufacturing partner involved in your design process, the better off you'll be. They'll help you head off major problems, reduce the amount of time spent in the design phase, and ultimately produce a higher quality product or reduce your manufacturing costs.

There are thousands of different applications in which your custom gasket may be used, and you may be in one of many different stages in the planning or design process. As such, we've built this guide as a 'choose your own adventure' style map of our content on the subject so you can narrow down and focus just on what you need in this moment (or choose to read everything from start to finish if you'd like!).

Where are you in the process of designing your custom gasket or rubber part?

  • I haven't started designing yet.
  • I'm trying to select a material for my custom gasket.
  • I am in the prototyping phase.
  • I have the part design complete and I'm looking for a manufacturing partner to produce it.
  • The part has been in production for some time, but we are revamping the design or having to replace or source a new material.


This is a great time to get your custom gasket manufacturing partner involved with refining your design. Typically if you are in the prototyping phase, you'll want a low volume of quick turn parts to test changes to your design. 

In this case, you'll want to look for a manufacturing partner who can support you both for prototype and production volumes, to ensure consistent quality throughout the process. Additionally, you'll need to look for a partner that has varying manufacturing methods so they can produce the right volume for you at the right speed without overrunning budgets.

Your partner should work closely with you to select a manufacturing process that fits your prototyping phase but has the flexibility to deliver through varying methods depending on how you scale your production over time.

Often some of the best methods for producing gasket prototypes, because they don't involve hard tooling, are:

With your design in hand, you are ready to get quotes and determine both the best fit manufacturing method and partner to build the part for you.

Choosing a Manufacturing Process

Choosing the right manufacturing process for producing your custom gasket or rubber part is as much of an art as it is a science. The right manufacturing partner should be able to review your design, understand your needs for volume, and help you decide the appropriate method for production.

In general, there is a misconception that tolerances for a specific design are determined primarily by the machines cutting or producing the gaskets. In reality, the ability for a manufacturer to meet tolerances on a specific gasket design depends far more heavily on the material itself than on the manufacturing process.

If you want to learn a bit more about how we choose which manufacturing process may be a fit for ultimately producing your custom gasket, take a look at these in-depth guides that break down when and how we utilize each of our core gasket manufacturing processes:

The shift from design and prototyping over to continued production is often a pretty monumental shift. The engineering team relinquishes control of the design, and the ownership of managing the supply chain and continual production typically goes to a procurement team.

In an ideal world, you'll want to continue sourcing the part from the same partner who helped to build your custom prototype to ensure the level of quality stays continuous and you don't have integral parts failing in the field. 

This might seem pretty obvious, or common sense, but in practice, it can be difficult to achieve. Procurement systems are often cumbersome and filled with thousands of different suppliers. Simply miscoding or labeling a supplier can result in them not showing up in searches to order specific items or parts that they may have been a huge part of helping to create.

As an engineer, you'll likely have a vested interest in ensuring the part undergoes little to-no-changes during large-scale production that could ultimately cause the part to fail. It is best to work with your procurement team when handing a part over the fence, to ensure the suppliers who helped build the pieces are coded correctly and labeled appropriately in the system.

As a member of the procurement team, you'll ideally want strong relationships with your key suppliers. Often strategic activities like reducing your number of suppliers, and ordering larger volumes through those that offer the best service result in bulk discounts, better prices, and likely shorter lead times as well. 

One of the most important items for procurement teams is ensuring parts maintain the original quality standards they were built and tested with. Maintaining relationships with the suppliers that helped to build prototypes is the best way to save both time and money in the long run by avoiding costly mistakes.

Focusing on spending better rather than penny-pinching on each individual component ordered can have incredible long-term benefits to both speed to market and bottom line.

Learn more about how to vet manufacturing partners that will make great long-term partners for strategic procurement:

Want more information on Custom Silicone Gaskets? Feel free to contact us.

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